||| Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology |||

ML098 enhances intracellular bacterial clearance in bladder epithelial cells by activating Rab7 and promoting lysosomal biogenesis

2025-02-27T08:22:30+00:00

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ML098 on the intracellular bacterial count of bladder epithelial cells infected with uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The number of intracellular bacteria were counted after cell lysis present in coated Luria-Bertani agar plates. Lysotracker red was used to detect the numbers of lysosomes in cells. The expression of lysosome associated membrane protein 1 within cells was detected by western blot and q-PCR methods. Rab7 pulldown activation assay was used to detect the expression of intracellular active Rab7. The results showed that ML098 (1 µM) could reduce the number of intracellular bacteria in bladder epithelial cells 6 hours after E. coli infection (p<0.05), increased the number of lysosomes in cells (p<0.05), and increased the expression of intracellular active Rab7 (p<0.05). Therefore, ML098 can promote intracellular bacterial clearance, possibly by increasing the expression of active Rab7 in cells, thereby increasing the number of lysosomes in bladder epithelial cells.

Anti-cancer potential of crude extracts from Dictyota bartayresiana in triple-negative breast cancer

2025-02-27T20:38:03+00:00

This study aims to isolate and characterize secondary metabolites from the brown algae Dictyota bartayresiana and evaluate its cytotoxicity under in vitro conditions. Phytochemical analyses were extracted using dichloromethane and ethyl acetate as solvents. The results showed the presence of various compounds such as terpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, and alkaloids. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was utilized to characterize the extracts. The cytotoxicity evaluation of the crude extracts by MTT assay showed the inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) for both extracts in the MDA-MB-231 cell line to be 1 µg/mL. The studies in cell biology indicated a change in cell morphology including detached cells with a round morphology, indicating the induction of apoptosis. Wound healing assay showed that both extracts inhibited the invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells (0.75 µg/mL).

Cytotoxic, apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties of Adenoon indicum leaf methanolic extract using HT29 cell lines

2025-02-27T08:34:17+00:00

In the present study, methanolic extract of Adenoon indicum leaves is investigated for its cytotoxic, apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties using HT29 cell lines. The extract yield was 1.6%. MTT assay of HT-29 cells shows that the extract's IC₅₀ value was 80 μg/mL with 10 μg/mL for doxorubicin, confirming its cytotoxic effect. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that extract caused cell cycle arrest, with 2.3% of cells in the G2/M phase and 32.2% in the S phase at a dosage of 160 μg/mL. Propidium iodide/annexin V staining revealed that the extract caused 3.1% early apoptosis and 6.0% late apoptosis, compared to 0% early apoptosis and 13.4% late apoptosis with doxorubicin at 11 μg/mL and anti-inflammatory effect in the egg albumin denaturation inhibition assay. The results show methanolic extract of A. indicum has anti-cancer activities against colorectal cancer via triggering apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. In addition, it has an anti-inflammatory effect.

Hypoglycemic potentials of Malvaviscus arboreus leaves against alloxanated albino rats

2025-02-27T20:49:22+00:00

The study aimed to perform the anti-diabetic potential of leaf extracts of Malvaviscus arboreus in an alloxan-treated albino rat model. Various extracts were prepared by ultrasonication-based successive extraction techniques. Six groups of albino rats (n=5 in each group) induced with alloxan received doses of plant extracts (25 mg/kg) or standard (1 mg/kg) for 14 days. Throughout the study, the blood glucose levels decreased. On day 14, n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts had mean (± SEM) blood glucose levels of 121.2 ± 2.1 and 91.6 ± 1.3 mg/mL respectively, while the extracts of ethyl acetate and methanol resulted in 119.8 ± 3.6 and 114.6 ± 6.1 mg/mL. The histopathological examination of the pancreas revealed reduced inflammation and congestion in the treated groups. Two-way ANOVA showed the level of significance of extracts of dichloromethane p=0.0002, ethyl acetate p=0.0004, methanol p=0.0058 and n-hexane p=0.0003 value. In conclusion, M. arboreus extracts show anti-diabetic activity.

Synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of a novel hybrid material layered double hydroxide doped by diaminododecylphosphonic acid

2025-02-27T21:09:29+00:00

A novel hybrid material Zn/Al-diaminododecylphosphonic acid (DADPHA) layered double hydroxide (LDH) was synthesized and characterized for its structural, electronic, and antibacterial properties. X-ray diffraction confirmed DADPHA intercalation, increasing basal spacing from 7.55 to 7.95 angstrom. The crystallite size of Zn/Al-DADPHA (11.10 nm) was smaller than that of Zn/Al-SO₄ LDH (16.70 nm), indicating modification. FTIR confirmed phosphonic acid functional groups, while SEM revealed a morphological shift from hexagonal platelets to aggregated structures. Zn/Al-DADPHA exhibited significant antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 25.6 mm (Escherichia coli), 10.9 mm (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), 30.2 mm (Staphylococcus aureus), and 25.5 mm (Bacillus cereus). Molecular docking revealed strong ligand-protein interactions (-7.1 to -9.4 kcal/mol). DFT calculations showed a HOMO-LUMO gap of 4.82 eV, confirming electronic stability. MD simulations over 100 ns indicated complex stability with RMSD below 2.5 angstrom. These findings highlight the potential of Zn/Al-DADPHA LDH for biomedical and antimicrobial applications.